![]() ![]() Researchers want to develop dental materials that have antimicrobial properties to prevent oral infection. aureus compared with silver nanoparticles, which are one of the nanoparticles commonly used nanoparticles in biomedical research. Copper nanoparticles have demonstrated higher bactericidal activity against E. These nanoparticles’ antibacterial activities have been widely investigated, although the exact mechanism of copper nanoparticles against microbes is not clear. The high surface-area-to-volume ratio of copper nanoparticles enhances their antimicrobial ability. Reports have shown that copper oxide nanoparticles are antimicrobial and inhibit biofilm formation. These properties enhance the bio-physio-chemical functionalization, antimicrobial activity, and biocompatibility of the nanoparticles. Like most metal nanoparticles that are commonly used in dentistry, copper particles have variable nano-sizes and forms, a unique distribution, and a large surface-area-to-volume ratio. In addition, they can easily oxidize in air or water and produce copper oxide nanoparticles. Copper nanoparticles can be processed either naturally or via chemical synthesis. Moreover, copper is readily available for the synthesis of copper nanoparticles, so it is cost effective. The antimicrobial activities are induced by either copper’s metal ions or the oxidized cupric ions derived from copper nanoparticles (1–100 nm). The objective of this review is to provide an overview of copper nanoparticles and their applications in dentistry.Ĭopper is a popular element in medical and dental research due to its antimicrobial properties and low toxicity. Copper nanoparticles have been used to enhance the physical and chemical properties of various dental materials, such as dental amalgam, restorative cements, adhesives, resins, endodontic-irrigation solutions, obturation materials, dental implants, and orthodontic archwires and brackets. Hence, copper nanoparticles are among the commonly used metal nanoparticles in dentistry. Copper nanoparticles readily intermix and bind with other metals, ceramics, and polymers, and they exhibit physiochemical stability in the compounds. ![]() Copper is an earth-abundant inexpensive metal, and its nanoparticle synthesis is cost effective. Metal nanoparticles are commonly used in dentistry for their exclusive shape-dependent properties, including their variable nano-sizes and forms, unique distribution, and large surface-area-to-volume ratio. ![]() Nanoparticles based on metal and metallic oxides have become a novel trend for dental applications. ![]()
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